This study, conducted by Laura Amigo and Nathalie Pignard-Cheynel of the AJM (University of Neuchâtel), explores how traditional media companies in Switzerland and abroad are dealing with virtual worlds and blockchain-based applications such as NFTs, while highlighting the challenges and potential for research and development in this field. To this end, an inventory of 80 initiatives launched between January 2020 and June 2023 was undertaken, as well as interviews with 8 researchers, experts and members of the media. The results are presented in the report available below.